Stroke is nothing but the increasing loss of brain functions because of disturbance in the flow of blood to the brain. This might occur because of ischemia (lack of blood flow) caused by blockage (thrombosis, arterial embolism) or hemorrhage (leakage of blood). Consequently, the affected area of the brain does not function properly which leads to inability to move the limbs on one side of the body. Other things might also happen such as inability to understand or inability to see one side of the visual field.
It has been estimated that in United States, around 700,000 people suffer a stroke each year and two-thirds of these individuals survive and require rehabilitation. Rehabilitation is the most common way to cure stroke. It helps the patient to become as independent as possible.
Because of rehabilitation, the patient relearns the skills that were lost when their brain were not working. It teaches the survivors how to perform tasks in order to compensate for any residual disabilities.
A person can go for rehabilitation treatment only when his medical condition is stabilized. We can say, it can start within 24-48 hours post stroke. The very first step includes promoting independent movement because many patients get paralyzed and cannot move their limbs freely. Patients are supposed to alter their positions frequently while lying in the bed. The nurses and doctors helps the survivor in performing progressively more complex or demanding tasks such as bathing, dressing and how to use the toilet. The purpose is to increase recovery time and allow the patient to recover fast and effectively to return to their normal lives.
For many stroke patients, rehabilitation can be a long process and therefore helps to maintain and refine skills and could involve working with specialists for months or decades after the stroke